"Jabrix02 Saputra blog "

2010-06-05T07:49:00.002+08:00

Aku Belanja Maka Aku Ada

2010-02-28T12:00:00.002+08:00

Oleh : hanuraini adnan

TAHUN 1990-an, Jalan Margonda di Kota Depok, Jawa Barat, masih dianggap sebagai tempat jin membuang anak, untuk menggambarkan sebuah pinggiran yang masih sunyi dan lengang. Sekarang, Jalan Margonda sudah sejak pukul 06.00. Pukul 23.00, hilir-mudik kendaran masih ramai. Tiap Sabtu malam, di pinggir-pinggir jalan telah berbaris puluhan sepeda motor yang berhimpun dalam satuan club sesuai dengan merek motor. Mereka siap berkompoy, meriuhkan jalanan dengan bunyi klakson.

Tahun lalu, berdiri dua pusat perbelanjaan baru di Jalan Margonda, yaitu Depok Town Square (Detos) dan Giant yang lokasinya berhadap-hadapan. Kios-kios dan counter perbelanjaan belum semuanya terisi. Di Detos, beberapa lantai masih kosong. Tetapi waktu mulai dibuka, setiap Sabtu malam pusat perbelanjaan itu baru akan tutup setelah pukul 00.00, pembelanja pun masih membeludak.

Kondisi di atas menjadi rekaman betapa pesat pembangunan di Kota Depok. Lesatnya pertumbuhan ini terjadi di seluruh kota besar di Tanah Air. Di Jakarta yang sudah sesak, gedung-gedung baru dalam ukuran besar, terus bermunculan bagai berlomba mencakari langit.

Teori ekonomi supply and demand menjelaskan, meningkatnya jumlah pusat perbelanjaan, menunjukkan meningkatnya para pembelanja. Di berbagai kota, orang-orang memang jadi keranjingan berbelanja. Tengoklah supermarket atau pusat-pusat perbelanjaan yang serba swalayan, selalu dipadati pengunjung. Gambaran ini menjadi sinyalemen kuat bahwa masyarakat kita dari hari ke hari semakin konsumtif.

Cua Beng-Huat, pengajar pada Departement National University of Singapore, menyaksikan pemandangan serupa di negerinya sekitar tahun 1990-an. Betapa masyarakat Singapura yang rata-rata menjadi orang kaya baru, telah menjadi gila dalam berbelanja. Mereka memadati berbagai pusat perbelanjaan. Beng-Huat menyebutnya, itulah budaya konsumerisme dan hedonisme baru yang sulit ditoak seiring dengan lesatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi.

Tetapi kegilaan orang Singapura itu terjadi setelah mereka berhasil menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan mendasar seperti urusan perut, kesehatan, dan pendidikan. Kelebihan uang barulah digunakan untuk mengoleksi benda-benda, menegaskan kepemilikan, sekaligus mewujudkan impian. Psikolog Abram Maslow menyatakan, semua manusia berpotensi mengarah pada kegilaan untuk menegaskan eksistensi dirinya.

Namun masyarakat Indonesia lebih gila lagi. Sebab, menjadi konsumtif dan hedonitis di tengah kemiskinan. Pendidikan dan kesehatan menjadi nomor kesekian, yang penting aku berbelanja maka aku ada.

Ibu

2010-02-28T11:48:00.003+08:00

Oleh : diaan rahmawati

Selaput malam mengiringnya terjaga, memahat setiap nyawa hati
membingkainya dalam untaian doa.
Kadang, nafas membuncah,
menghardik ribuan tanya..... meragu.
Lelah seakan mengepul seketika, mengganti segala resah jadi suka.
Kadang bisu tak terengkuh.
Meratap nyata tanpa nadir.
Andai terlahir kembali, biarkan ku jadi nyawa hidupmu....
wahai Ibu

SUSTER KERAMAS - Cinema 21

2010-02-14T10:21:00.000+08:00

SUSTER KERAMAS - Cinema 21

2010-02-14T10:16:00.005+08:00

SUSTER KERAMAS - Cinema 21

Jam Tayang
SUSTER KERAMAS
14:15
16:30
19:00
20:45

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2010-02-03T14:39:00.000+08:00

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2010-02-03T14:37:00.000+08:00

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2010-02-03T14:36:00.000+08:00

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2010-02-03T14:26:00.002+08:00

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2010-02-02T09:12:00.002+08:00

Anang – Separuh Jiwaku Pergi

Separuh Jiwaku Pergi

Memang indah semua

Tapi berakhir luka

Reff:

Benar ku mencintaimu

Tapi tak begini

Kau khianati hati ini

Kau curangi aku

Kau bilang tak pernah bahagia

Selama dengan aku

Itu ucap bibirmu

Kau dustakan semua

Yang kita bina

Kau hancurkan semua

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Stumble upon something good? Share it on StumbleUpon

Share this on Technorati

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Lirik Lagu Anang – Separuh Jiwaku Pergi ini dipersembahkan oleh Istanalagu.com ( Free Download Mp3 Gratis Lirik & Video Clip ). Kunjungi Juga Songspalace.com ( Song Lyrics ) Untuk mendapatkan Lyrics lagu barat dan video clipnya.

Hadiah Spesial di Hari Valentine Restia Juwita

2010-02-02T08:22:00.007+08:00

Artikel Terkait

31/01/2010 20:40 | Gaya Hidup
Liputan6.com,
New York:

Buat Anda yang telah memiliki pasangan kini saatnya membuktikan rasa cinta Anda lewat pemberian hadiah spesial di perayaan Valentine yang semakin dekat. Anda tentunya ingin membuat sang pujaan hati merasa semakin mencintai Anda bukan? Ingatlah selalu bahwa tema Valentine selalu berbau cinta dan penghargaan. Mawar atau pun cokelat sudah menjadi hal yang biasa.

Kini saatnya berikan hadiah dari hati yang paling spesial, dan berbeda dari lainnya. Nah, mau tahu hadiah apa saya yang bisa Anda berikan? Nih, ada beberapa tips hadiah yang bisa jadi panutan Anda untuk memberikannya pada pasangan terkasih, seperti dilansir AskMen, baru-baru ini.

Pertama, perhiasan. Impian setiap wanita memegang rambutnya sementara laki-laki berdiri di belakangnya dan mengikatkan kalung emas di lehernya. Ini
menunjukkan padanya bahwa Anda juga bisa menjadi romantis. Perhiasan membuat wanita merasa istimewa, indah, dan bernilai, itu akan menjadi sahabatnya. Semua wanita senang dimanjakan dengan perhiasan dan wanita Anda tidak terkecuali.

Kedua, belajar dansa. Wanita sangat tertarik pada pria yang tahu cara menari tanpa menginjak kaki mereka. Ini adalah waktu yang tepat untuk mempertajam keterampilan salsa Anda. Tahun ini, mengambil kursus dansa bersama-sama menjadi salah satu cara mendapatkan hatinya.

Ketiga, paket perawatan spa. Mungkin aneh mendengarnya. Tapi memang inilah salah satu saran yang dianjurkan. Memberikan paket khusus perawatan untuk dirinya agar memanjakan tubuh bak seorang putri. Ia pasti akan merasa semangat. Setelah perawatan bak seorang putri, bawalah ia pulang dan perlakukan dirinya seperti seorang putri.

Keempat, kotak perhiasan. Memberikan kotak perhiasan yang indah pasti membuat dirinya tersenyum. Ini salah satu bentuk menghargai kecantikannya.

Kelima, parfum. Wewangian sangat penting bagi seorang wanita begitupun dengan Anda. terkadang bau wewangian sering identik dengan kepribadiannya. Wangi akan membuat Anda ingin berpelukkan sepanjang malam.

Keenam, pakaian dalam. Sebagian orang akan menghadiahkan pakaian dalam seksi untuk perempuan yang mereka cintai dalam hidupnya. Mungkin pembelian pakaian dalam sedikit klise, namun secara umum disukai oleh wanita.

Ketujuh, beri gelang tangan. Memberikan hadiah berupa perhiasan seperti gelang tangan akan menambah kesan mendalam si wanita terhadap Anda. Dijamin Anda akan menjadi sempurna di matanya.

Kedelapan, permainan seks yang romantis. Perayaan Valentine bisa dilewatkan dengan memberikan waktu untuk bercinta. Tapi pastikan bukan percintaan biasa. Cukup dengan memberikan permainan seks yang romantis, ia akan merasakan kebahagiaan yang luar biasa.

Kesembilan, bingkai foto. Sebuah bingkai foto yang didalamnya terdapat foto mesra Anda bisa menjadi pilihan hadiah yang mudah. Simple dan tidak terlalu
memakan biaya. Hadiah ini juga bisa menjadi petunjuk bahwa Anda sedang menatap masa depan bersama.

Kesepuluh, Selimut. Mungkin Anda akan kaget mendengarnya. Tapi selimut bisa menjadi alternatif yang mudah, dan memiliki banyak arti. Misalnya, saat
bersantai, ia bisa sambil memeluk selimut pemberian Anda sambil berpikir bahwa yang ia peluk adalah Anda.(YUS)

2010-01-30T11:08:00.004+08:00

Geisha – Tak Kan Pernah Ada

Dia memang hanya dia

Ku selalu memikirkannya

Tak pernah ada habisnya

Benar dia, benar hanya dia

Ku selalu menginginkannya

Belaian dari tangannya

Mungkin hanya dia

Harta yang paling terindah

Di perjalanan hidupku

*courtesy of FunLirik.Com

Sejak derap denyut nadiku

Mungkin hanya dia

Indahnya sangat berbeda

Ku haus merindukannya

Reff:

Ku ingin kau tahu isi hatiku

Kaulah yang terakhir dalam hidupku

Tak ada yang lain, hanya kamu

Tak pernah ada

Takkan pernah ada

Benar dia, benar hanya dia

Ku selalu menginginkannya

Belaian dari tangannya

Mungkin hanya dia

Indahnya sangat berbeda

Ku haus merindukannya

Back to Reff:

Ku ingin kau selalu di pikiranku

Kau yang selalu larut dalam darahku

Tak ada yang lain, hanya kamu

Tak pernah ada

Takkan pernah ada

Artikel Geisha – Tak Kan Pernah Ada ini dipersembahkan oleh Lirik Lagu Indonesia Gratis @ FunLirik.Com. Kunjungi Juga Download Mp3 Gratis untuk download lagu indonesia terbaru.

2010-01-30T10:59:00.001+08:00

WELCOME TO THE " CYBER ENGINE FAMILY "
come join us.... in Bukit Simpangan Jimbaran Bali...

2010-01-30T10:55:00.002+08:00

Bunga Citra Lestari – Karena Ku Cinta Kau

Jika ada yang bilang ku lupa kau

Jangan kau dengar

Jika ada yang bilang ku tak setia

Jangan kau dengar

*courtesy of IstanaLagu.com

Banyak cinta yang datang mendekat

Ku menolak

Semua itu karena ku cinta kau

Jika ada yang bilang ku tak baik

Jangan kau dengar

Jika ada yang bilang ku berubah

Jangan kau dengar

Banyak cinta yang datang mendekat

Ku menolak

Semua itu karena ku cinta kau

Kau

Reff:

Saat kau ingat aku ku ingat kau

Saat kau rindu aku juga rasa

Ku tahu kau slalu ingin denganku

Ku lakukan yang terbaik yang bisa ku lakukan

Tuhan yang tahu ku cinta kau

Jika kau tak percaya pada ku

Sakitnya aku

Jika kau lebih dengar mereka

Sedih hatiku

Banyak cinta yang datang mendekat

Ku menolak

Semua itu karena ku cinta kau

Kau

Back to Reff:

Saat kau ingat aku ku ingat kau

Saat kau rindu aku juga rasa

Ku tahu kau slalu ingin denganku

Kau tahu ku juga ingin denganmu

Ku tahu kau slalu ingin denganku

Ku lakukan yang terbaik yang bisa ku lakukan

Tuhan yang tahu ku cinta kau

Artikel Bunga Citra Lestari – Karena Ku Cinta Kau ini dipersembahkan oleh Lirik Lagu Indonesia Gratis @ FunLirik.Com. Kunjungi Juga Download Mp3 Gratis untuk download lagu indonesia terbaru.

2010-01-30T09:45:00.000+08:00

Pesta Metatah & Pernikahan....

30 Januari 2010
19:00 - 22:00
Br. Dinas Karang Boma, Di Dpn SD no 3 Pecatu

Atention :
+ Reuni Internal
+ Metatah Didik Juliawan
+ Pernikahan " I Wayan Sudarsana " Dgn " Ni Wayan Sudiartini "

Undangan hnya 1, tpi didik mengundang bnyak semua tman klas wktu sma ( SMA N 1 Kuta Selatan )
acra jm 7 Mlam....
Karena trbats na info tmn2 jd mohon infoo ini d sebarkan y....
/ silahkan hub. Emix d (081805618499) bila blum paham......

TTD : Emix....

2010-01-30T09:36:00.000+08:00

Ungu – Cinta Gila (Ost. Sang Pemimpi)

Tahukah kalau apa yang kau lakukan itu

Tahukah kau siksa diriku

Bertahun kunantikan jawaban dirimu …

Bertahun-tahun ku menunggu

Kau sangka , aku akan menyerah

Kau sangka , aku akan pasrah

Dirimu tak perdulikan aku

Walau cinta hanya untukmu

Walau kasih hanya untukmu

Walau sayang hanya untukmu

untukmu,untukmu, untukmu …

Kau

Mimpi-mimpiku

Cinta gilaku

Hanya padamu

Hanya kau

Belahan jiwa

Cinta membara

Tiada tara

Artikel Ungu – Cinta Gila (Ost. Sang Pemimpi) ini dipersembahkan oleh Lirik Lagu Indonesia Gratis @ FunLirik.Com. Kunjungi Juga Download Mp3 Gratis untuk download lagu indonesia terbaru.

2010-01-30T09:11:00.000+08:00

Kotak – Pelan Pelan Saja

Kutahu kamu pasti rasa

Apa yang kurasa

Kutahu cepat atau lambat

Kamu ‘kan mengerti

Hati bila dipaksakan

Pasti takkan baik

Pantasnya kamu mencintai,

Yang juga cintai dirimu

Cinta kamu…..

Reff:

Lepaskanlah, Ikatanmu

Dengan Aku

Biar Kamu Senang

Bila Berat

Melupakan Aku

Pelan-Pelan Saja

Tak Ada Niat Menyakiti

Inilah Hatiku

Pantasnya kamu mencintai,

yang juga cintai dirimu

Cinta kamu….

Artikel Kotak – Pelan Pelan Saja ini dipersembahkan oleh Lirik Lagu Indonesia Gratis @ FunLirik.Com. Kunjungi Juga Download Mp3 Gratis untuk download lagu indonesia terbaru.

2010-01-30T09:07:00.001+08:00

Keyla – Terlalu Cepat Mencintaimu

Terlalu cepat ku menyanyangimu

Tak cukup bercerita

Namun terlanjur ku mencintaimu

Meski ku tak mengenalmu

Hingga akhirnya ku terjebak

Dalam kesalahan ku ‘tuk mencintaimu

Hingga kini aku tak mampu untuk melepas diriku

Dan melupakanmu

*courtesy of FunLirik.Com

Terlalu cepat ku menyanyangimu

Tak cukup bercerita

Namun terlanjur ku mencintaimu

Meski ku tak mengenalmu

Hingga akhirnya ku terjebak

Dalam kesalahan ku ‘tuk mencintaimu

Hingga kini aku tak mampu untuk melepas diriku

Dan melupakanmu

Dan melupakanmu

Artikel Keyla – Terlalu Cepat Mencintaimu ini dipersembahkan oleh Lirik Lagu Indonesia Gratis @ FunLirik.Com. Kunjungi Juga Download Mp3 Gratis untuk download lagu indonesia terbaru.

Pemuja Rahasia

2010-01-28T13:20:00.000+08:00

Malam ini kembali ku merindukanmu..
Ya… Hanya dirimu seorang yang ku rindu..
Anganku memilikimu, membelaimu dan mendekap erat dirimu..
Meski ku tau, ku hanya dapat memeluk indah bayangmu..
Dalam gelap malam ini ku lihat wajahmu menghiasi langit..
Begitu indah hingga ku tak ingin melepaskan pandanganku..
Tapi kilatan petir membuyarkan khayalanku..
Menghilangkan wajahmu yang tersenyum padaku dari langit..
Ku sadari semuanya hanyalah semu..
Tak kudapatkan dalam dunia nyata ini..
Kau tak kan tau betapa ku mengagumi dan mencintaimu..
Karna akulah Sang Pemuja Rahasia..

" Ak Menunggu Bersama Sang Mentari...."
ak hanya bs menjadi pemuja rahasiamu, krana
ak blum brani mengatakan isi hatiku yg sangat
rahsia kepadamu.... jd biarkanlah ak jd pemuja rahasiamu.....

Kekasih..... ( Curahan Hatiku Ttng Kekasih )

2010-01-28T13:14:00.000+08:00

Kekasih…
Laksana cermin dalam resonansi jiwa
Yang menggetarkan palung hati hingga keraga
Dan menghantarkan kehangatan bara
dari bekunya hati sang kelana

kekasih…
kesetiaan agung pada dera kerinduan
laksana pantai menanti ombak dalam pelukan
yang teredam pada dalamnya kebisuan

kekasih…
seperti bunga yang menjaga tingginya kuncup
pucuk-pucuk kasihmu tak juga meredup
mencumbui lautan sukma yang kuyup
dalam serenade desiran angin sayup

kekasih…
karang-karang kesabaran yang tumbuh di lubuk kalbu
meleburkan kebimbangan sang peragu
saat luka kuburkan semburat hasrat perindu
dari kelam kelabu cerita lalu

kekasih…
butiran hujan yang jatuh selayak mutiara
terbungkus rapi dalam kado asa
untuk kau buka jika saatnya tiba
andai mampu kusibak jendela masa

kekasih…
sanjung puji dalam serambi janji
terucap lugas pada paras sejati
demi ikrar atas cinta suci
rekatkan dua hati yang terpatri

Ct : " Menunggu kekasih yg siap menerima ak ap adanya..."

Normalisasi ERD

2009-05-04T06:19:00.000+08:00

Pictures can be seen above there is an awkwardness that is:
1. kardinalitas part of the project
2. kardinalitas between officials with the project
3. the absence of a key dependent on the entity

After structured correctly akan as:

After which the repair will be clearly visible:
1. Kardinalitas a part of - part of a project with which the 1-N is one or more parts have more or many projects
2. An employee with kardinalitas the project, where the relationship between them is not related to each other, where the employee does not have a project but a part that has a project. And the only employee working on the project and only have a dependent
3. On an entity have a dependent as a unique key of an entity. And

In the normalization that is there:
1. On a 1NF occur where the multiplication or similar field is the same and allows the field to be empty in which,

employees (NOPEG, NAPEG, ALM1, KDPOS, TGLLAH, AGE);
section (NOBAG, NABAG, LOCATION);
project (NOPRO, NAPRO, LOKAPR);
dependent (NAME, JNKELT, CONNECTING);

Flow mapping of the above we can see a 1NF be fulfilled, after that we can make it 2NF. Normal form 2NF met in a table if it meets the form of 1NF, and all the attributes than the primary key, have a full Functional Dependency on primary key. A table does not meet 2NF, if there are attributes that ketergantungannya (Functional Dependency) are only partial (only depending on the part of the primary key). If there are attributes that have no dependence on the primary key, then the attributes must be moved or removed. View from above flow mapping 2NF know that we also have met the 3NF can be made. Normal form 3NF fulfilled if the form meets 2NF, and when no non-primary key attribute that has a dependence on non-primary key attributes of the other, or with the term (transitive dependencies).

DATABASE NORMALIZATION

2009-04-26T17:23:00.000+08:00

DATABASE NORMALIZATION

Database Normalization

Normalization is process of database structure forming so mainly part of ambiguity can be removed. Normalization phase is begun from lightest phase (1NF) until tightest (5NF). Usually, only coming up with level 3NF or BCNF because has adequate enough to yield the tables of which with quality goodness.

target executed with Normalization that is

o Optimizing table structures

o Increasing speed

o Removing same data inclusion

o More efficient in storage media purpose

o Reducing redundancy

o Avoiding anomaly (insertion anomalies, deletion anomalies, and anomaly's update).

o Increased data integrity

Design Process Database ( in evaluating to repeat)

The process includes:

· Gathering user or business's requirement

· Develop E-R Model bases user or business's requirements

· Convert E-R Model go to relationship gatherings (table)

· Relationship normalization to remove anomaly

One tables put in order is ( efficient) or normal if fulfilling 3 this the following size measure condition :

- therefore the decomposition shall be secured safe (Lossless Join Decomposition). It's mean, after that table is untied / at decomposition becomes new tables, that new tables can result original table equally exactly

- Its preserve dependency functional at the moment data change (Dependency Preservation).

Don't breach Boyce-Code Normal Form (BCNF)

- If the third criterion (BCNF) can't be accomplished, therefore at least that table not breach the third Normal Form (3rd Normal Form/ 3NF).

Depended Is Functional :

Functional Depended that is which drawing / calculating a relation of menujukkan one link. A told attribute functionally dependant esteem to determine other attribute value . used device is to delegation depended is functional of it self artribut .

First Normal Format- 1Nf is :

A tables told is on normal format there no at format do not be normalized, where happened multiplex a[n area of sort;jenis available area and enable which is empty cancelation

For example College Student Data as follows:

The tables above are ineligible for 1NF. Decomposition becomes:

- Collegian table:

- Hobby table:

Second Normal Form - 2NF

2NF's normal form is accomplished in one table if have accomplished 1NF's form, and all attribute besides primary key, as whole to have Functional Dependency on primary key. One table will not accomplishes 2NF, if there is attribute which its dependency (Functional Dependency) just have partial character only (just depend on a part of primary key). If anything attribute that have no dependency for primary key, therefore that attribute have to move or is removed. Functional dependency X -->Y is said full if erasing an attribute A of X its mean that Y no longer functional dependent. Functional dependency X -->Y is said partial if erases an A's attribute of X matter Y still functional dependent. Relationship scheme r on 2NF form if each attribute non primary key A ER full dependent functionally on primary key R.

This following table accomplishes 1NF, but excluding 2NF:

Third Normal Form - 3NF

3NF's normal form is accomplished if have accomplished 2NF's form, and if no attribute non primary key that have dependency to attribute non primary key another (transitive dependency).

This Following collegian table measures up 2NF, but doesn't accomplish 3NF:

Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BNCF)

Boyce Codd Normal Form has stronger compulsion of third Normal form. To become BNCF, relationship shall in first Normal form and each attribute is forced dependent on function on attribute super key.

Fourth and fifth Normal Form

Relationship in fourth normal form (4 NF) if relationship in BCNF and not contains of multi value dependency. To remove multi value dependency from one relationship, we are divide relationship become two new relationships. Each relationship contains of two attributes that have multi value relationship.

Relationship in fifth normal form (5NF) get business with property is called join without marks sense information loss (lossless join). The fifth normal Form (5 NF also called PJNF (projection join normal form). This case is very rare to appearance and hard to be detected practically

References:
1. Agus Sanjaya ER, S.Kom, M.Kom, slide presentation : Database and ER-Diagram

Database And ER-Diagram

2009-04-19T20:50:00.000+08:00

Database And ER-Diagram

DATABASE DEFINITIONS
Database is a group of on file data in disk magnetic, disk optical or is depository of other sekunder. Inwrought collection of data-data which each other is interconnected the than a enterprise (company, governmental institution or private sector). Example:
- Manufacturing business (production planning data, data produce aktual, data ordering of material, etc)
- Hospital (patient data, doctor, nurse, etc)
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Database management system represent database aliance or corps with software of application being based on database. This application programs is used to access and look after database. Especial target of DBMS is to provide a efficient and easy environment for the usage of, to withdrawal and is depository of information and data.
BIT, BYTE, FIELD
- Bit representing part of containing smallest data of value 0 or 1.
- Byte representing corps of beets which of a kind.
- Field representing a group of byte-byte which of a kind, in data bases used by attribute term.

FIELD OR ATTRIBUTE
Field or attribute representing the nature of or characteristic from entitas providing to provide clarification of detail about entitas. A relationship also can have attribute. Example: STUDENT (NIM,NAMA,ADDRESS),CAR(PLAT_NUMBER,COLOUR,TYPE)
TYPE-TYPE ATTRIBUTE
- Single vs Multivalue:
- Single, only can fill at most one value
- Multivalue, can fill with interest from one value with same type
- Atomic vs Composition:
- Atomic, indiscrete into smaller attribute
- Composition, representing aliance from some smaller attribute
- Derived Attribute:
- Attribute which its value can be which yielded from other attribute value, for example age which yielded from attribute birthday
- Null Value Attribute:
- Attribute which don’t have value to a record
- Mandatory Value Attribute:
- Attribute which must have value
RECORD/TUPLE
Record or Tuple representing data line in a relationship. Consist of attributes corps where attributes of interaction to inform entitas or relationship completely.

ENTITAS/FILE
File represent corps of record which of a kind and have is same element, is same attribute but different each other its data.
- Type File
In application process, file can be categorized as follows:
- File Mains
- File Transaction
- File Report
- File History
- File Protector
- File Job

DOMAIN
Domain represent corps of values enabled to stay in one or more attribute. Every attribute in data bases of relasional defined by as a domain.

KEY DATA ELEMENT
Key is element of record weared to find the the record when accessing or can is also used to identify every entity/record/line.

TYPES OF KEY
- Superkey represent one or more attribute from tables of able to be used to identify entity/ record of tables uniquely (not all attribute can become superkey)
- Cadidate Key is super of key with minimum attribute. Key Candidate may not contain attribute of other tables so that key candidate beyond question superkey but not yet of course on the contrary.
- Primary Key
One of the attribute of key candidate can be selected/ to be determined to become key primary with three the following criterion:
- The Key more natural to be used as reference
- The Key more simple
- The Key well guaranted it
- Alternate Key is attribute of key candidate which is not chosen become key primary
- Foreign Key represent any attribute subjecting to key primary at other tables. Key Foreign will happened at one particular relationship owning many to one cardinality ( one to many) or many to many ( many to many). Key Foreign usually is always put down by at tables of which is flange to many
- External of Key represent attribute lexical ( or gathering of lexical attribute) which is it values always identify one object of instance.

ERD
ERD is a model of a network that uses word order is stored in the abstract system.
Differences between the DFD and ERD, namely:
1. DFD is a model of network functions that will be implemented by the system.
2. ERD is a model that emphasizes the network data on the structure and relationship data.

ELEMENT in ERD
Entity
In the ER Diagram, Entity is described with the form of a rectangle. Entity is something that exists in the real system and the abstract where the data stored or where there are data.

RELATIONSHIP
In the ER diagram, the relationship can be described with a rhomb. Relationship is a natural relationship that occurs between entities. In general, the name given to the verb base making it easier to do the reading the relation.

RELATIONSHIP DEGREE
Relationship degree is the number of entities which participating in a relationship. Degree is unit which is often used in the ERD.

ATTRIBUTE
Attribute is the nature or characteristics of each entity and relationship

CARDINALITY
Cardinality indicates the maximum number of record/tuple that can be relation with the entity on the other entity

DEGREE OF RELATIONSHIP
- Unary relationship
is the relationship model between the entity originating from the same entity set.
- Binary relationship
is the relationship model between 2 entities
- Ternary relationship
is a relationship between the instance of 3 types of entities are unilateral
NOTATION (E-R DIAGRAM)
Symbolic notation in the ER diagram, namely :
1. Rectangle represent the collective entity
2. Circle represent the attributes
3. Rhomb represent collective relationships
4. Line as the set of relationships between the entity and the collective entity with the attribute

Reference:
1. Agus Sanjaya ER, S.Kom, M.Kom, slide presentation : Database and ER-Diagram

Quiz V: Data Flow Doagram

2009-04-05T20:15:00.000+08:00

DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Some symbols used in the DFD to represent :

1. External entity

2. Data Flow

3. Process

4. Data Storage

CONTEXT DIAGRAM

The diagram which consists of a process and describe the scope of a system.
It is the highest level of the DFD that describes the entire system to input and output of the system
The system is limited by Boundary (depicted by broken lines)
No storage

ZERO DIAGRAM

Diagram illustrating the process of the DFD. Giving views on the overall system in which, showing the main function or process that is, the flow of data and external entity.
At this level of data storage is possible.
To process the detailed no longer on the next level then added the symbol '*' or 'P' at the end of the process.
Input and output balance (balancing) between 0 to diagram context diagram should be maintained.

DETAIL DIAGRAM

Is a diagram of the process of decipher what is in the zero diagram level or above.
Numbering of level at DFD:

Level Name	Diagram Name	Number of Process
0	Context
1	Diagram 0	1.0, 2.0, 3.0, ...
2	Diagram 1.0	1.1, 1.2, 1.3, ...
3	Diagram 1.1	1.1.1, 1.1.2, ...

In the one level there should be no more than 7 units and the maximum of 9, when more should be done in the decomposition

SPECIFICATION OF PROCESS

1. Each process on DFD shall have process specification
2. On top level method that is utilized to figure process can by use of descriptive sentence

3. On more detail level which is on lowermost process (functional primitive) needing more specification most structure

4. Specification processes will be guidance divide programmer in makes program (coding)

5. Method that is utilized in specification of processes: b reakdown of process story type, decision table, decision tree

OUTER UNITY

Something is outside system, but it giving input into system or giving data form system
Symbolized with box notation
External entity isn't part of system
Naming :
Terminal's name is noun form
Terminal's name must be diferrent, except the object is same

DATA FLOW
Data flow is a Place for information stream. Data flow symbol with straight line to connective component of system. Data flow direction is indicated with arrows and lines give the name on the flow of data that flows. Flow data flow between processes, data storage and data flow indicates that the form of data input for the system.

Guide of Data Flow name:
- Name of data flow which consist of some word flow attributed with continued line.
- There may not be any data flow which its same name and gift of name have to express its contents
- Data stream which consist of some element can be expressed with element grup
- Avoid usage of word ‘ data’ and ‘ information’ to give the name at data flow
- As possible the name of data flow written is complete

Other rule:
- Data flow name which turn in at a process may not same by the name of secretary data flow of that process.
- Data flow into or out of data storage doesn't need to give a name if:
- The flow of data simple and easy to understand
- Describes the data flow of all data items
- There may not any data flow of terminal to data storage or on the contrary because terminal isn't part of system, terminal relation with data storage have to pass process.

PROCESS

The process is also often called bubble is what is done by the system. The process can process the data or incoming data flows into outgoing data flow. Transform the process of working one or more of the input data into one or more of the output data in accordance with the desired specifications. Each process has one or more inputs and produce one or several outputs.

DATA STORAGE

Data storage is a storage place for data that exists in the system
Symbolic by a pair of parallel lines or two lines with one side open side
The process can retrieve data from or provide data to the database
Guidelines of the name:
- The name should reflect the data storage
- When his name more than one word must be marked with the number

DFD SYMBOL

DICTIONARY OF DATA

Work to help the system to interpret the application in detail and organize all elements of the data used in the system precisely so that the system analyst and have a basic understanding of the same input, output, storage and processing. At analysis, the data dictionary is used as a means of communication between the systems analyst with the user. At the system design, data dictionary is used to design input, reports and databases.

BALANCING IN THE DFD
The flow of data into and out of a process must be the same as the flow of data into and out of the details of the process on the level / levels below it. Name of the data flow into and out of the process must match the name of the flow of data into and out of the details of the process. Number and the name of an entity outside the process must be equal to the number of names and entities outside of the details of the process.

RESTRICTIONS IN DFD

Data flow may not be from outside the entity directly to other outside entities without going through a process.
Data flow may not be from the savings directly to the data to outside entities without going through a process
Data flow may not be saving the data directly from the savings and other data without going through a process.
Data flow from one process directly to the other without going through the process of saving data or should be avoided as much as possible.

FIRST OBSERVATION, ANALISYS REQUIREMENT

2009-03-29T15:38:00.000+08:00

CONCEPT INVESTIGATION SYSTEM
Difference difference ( gap) of between target of system and system condition in fact
Report detect the problem not really real
1.purpose to ideal
2. Lacking of resource and or attitude
3.System measurement less be accurate
4.System target purpose under developed
5.Different between idle system and temporary system
Problem Solving:
1.System description walks on.Detailed investigation needs to solve the problem. Detailed investigation use system description walks on company.
2.Getting ideal system consensus
3.Developing some alternative
4.Chosening best alternative
5.Investigation Purpose to indicate the real problem.

RECOMENDATION
A result from investigation is a recomendation which are the following:
1.Does not take any action if the problem does not exist
2.Perform system maintenance of the small problems
3.Increasing the ability or skills
4.Consider modifications to total system
5.Putting the problem to occur in the development plan system which immediately made

INVESTIGATION TACTICS
Tactics of investigation is needed for example:
1.Can find all problem
2.Knowing cause of problem appearance
3.Determining correct solution
Investigation tactics must be done so that all system element can accept offer of solution without bothering their activity.
Some Tactic Can Be Do:
1.Listening system user opinion
2. Don’t give an early fission
3.Comparing system user story about the same case
4.Observation about logical inconsistency problem
INVESTIGATION TECHNICS
Direct:
1.Questionnaire
2. Asking and reply
3. Observation
Indirect:
1.Procedure flow
2. Document studying
3. Sample
4.Tabular

CURRENT SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Determining current system performance will struck a snag if firm have no one performance measurement default system. Too bad, tending firm doesn't update to document walking system. Hence, analyst fix document up to problem investigation system. Current system description covers explanation:
1.inputs
2.outputs
3.files
4.data elements
5.transaction volume and action document
6.data flow diagrams
ANALYSIS NEEDS
Intensive interaction step between system analyst and end user, which system development team showing they are skill to get respond and trust of user, so its get a good participation.
Four objective being reachable :
1.Explain complete system
2.Describe ideal information system
3.Bring the ideal information system to the current situation with consider about resources problem.
4.Give support to user confidence to a system development
Method
1.Asking and reply
2.Questionnaire
3. Observation
4.Analysis procedure
5.Document observation
Resources problem
1.Time
2.Money
3.Skill
4.Technology
5.External factor

Analysis needs document
1.Analysis brief : relation with end user, process monitoring, data collect problem
2.User needs : truly needs, report needs, training needs and new system effect.
3.System problem : explain time and cost problem, skill, technology and external factor.
4.Documents, data collect instrument, statistic consensus, physical and logical data flow, starting data element on data dictionary.

GENERATING SYSTEMS ALTERNATIVES
How to current system condition approaching with condition of system which ideal?
1.Making alternative to solve information system problem
2.That best alternative is applied one expedient
Strategy Selection
1.distributed versus centralized processing
2.Changing information decision from centralized processing's data goes to decentralized end user responsibility center
3.Integrated versus dispersed is database
4.System designer shall regard data any kind ingoing in base's data and one turns in at File
5.Surround Strategy of System Development
6.Environmentally surrounding strategy is of important in term confiscation because information system of other firm may in contrast to corporate currently.

Operational scheme Selection
Scheme selection can be agglomerated into
Input
1.Online Vs Off Line Data Entry
2.Keyed Vs Machine Readable Data Entry
3.Centralized Vs Decentralized Data Entry
Processing
1.Batch Vs Realtime record update
2.Sequential Vs Direct Access to records
3.Single Vs Multiple User update of records
Output
1.Traditional Vs Turn Around Documents
2. Structured Vs Inquiry based reports
SELECTING THE PROPER SYSTEM
The tactics compare : System compared to pursuant to expense and advantage relatively;
There is 3 way of system A told by more pre-eminent with the other system if:
1.A have the lower expense from B and advantage both of equal
2.A have the lower expense from B and A yield the advantage which is more than B
3.A and B have the expense of equal but advantage yielded by A more amount.
Some Method of Komparasi System
1.Break Even point Analyisis
2.Payback Period
3.Discounted Payback period
4.Internal Rate Of Return
Categorize The Expense
1.Hardware
2.Software
3.People
4.Suppliers
5.Teleccommunications
6.Physical Sites
Expense of information system can just be happened once and earn is also happened chronically.
1.Expense of just information system that happened once that is ontime cost and development cost that happened system development moment.
2.Expense of information system that happened continually among other things is reccuring cost and also operational cost of where this expense is happened by the moment of information system operate every day.
Factor Qualitative instructing good information system performance among other things
1.Lessening mistake storey;level
2.Lessening time to improve;repair the mistake
3.Lessening time listen carefully from workstation alternative
4.Quickening ready time of information
5.Improving system security
6.Multiply to update the active source record
7.Improving wearer satisfaction
Factor of Company Strategy
1.Consumer Satisfaction
2.Mount the sale mount the
3.Komitmen of Consumer and vendor
4.product marketing Information
PRESENTING SYSTEM STUDY
1.Conducting presentation in a word
2.Lessening technique clarification in detail
3.Presenting clearly by means of assist visual
4.If using model use the assistive appliance for example laptop so that more informative
5.Emphasizing advantage from proposal of information system with a few existing alternative according to natural by condition of company
DECISION CONTINUE OR DO NOT
1.If company set mind on to develop the system hence information department will conduct the process hereinafter that is Process The Desain System
2.If on the contrary hence System Development Life Cycle ( SDLC) will be discontinued
3.Frequently will be found by problem with the study system and and usually top management will ask conducting of reworking to study system
4.Model will explain the some part of step repeated and sometime information department will make decision to repeat the step of before explaining study system
5.With the alternative, decision to repeat a not to speak of or previous step SDLC of Go – No – Go Decision.
Referensi:Pengamatan Awal, Kebutuhan Analisis; Ngurah Agus Sanjaya ER, S.KOM, M.KOM

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

2009-03-07T14:04:00.000+08:00

SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT

Answer question :

[Part-2] Information Systems Analysis and Design :

1. The purpose t of system development public :

The important.of systems development is compiling a new system to replace system old ones as a whole or improve;repair system which have there. The system old ones require to improve because, existence of problems - problems that appear in system old ones. Problems of arising out such of :

Annoyance in growth’s system of organization
The example of annoyance in growth’s system of organization, insincerity.and mistake which intended, its efficiency [of] operation [do] not and [do] not obey of policy of management
Growth of organization.
For reach the opportunitys ( opportunities)
existence of instructions ( directives)

2. Purpose or goal of developing an information system

- to solving some problems

- reach for opportunity

- fulfilling given instruction

3. The organization’s expectations after implementing an information system

A. Performance ( performance)

Measured to use and throughput of response time. The improvement of performance in a new system make the system will be effective. Performance can be measurement from throughput and response time where throughput is amount of work of which can done certain in a moment and response time is time mean which delay between two transactions.

B. Information ( information)

The improvement of information quality which presented.

C. Economy ( economic)

Increase the benefit of vs decreasing cost.

D. Control ( operation)

The improvement of control, detecting and improve;the mistake. To detection and repairing some faults and insincerity which possible happened.

E. Efficiency ( efficiency)

The improvement of operating efficiency. Efficiency related with how to use resource without doing extravagance.

F. Services ( service)

Increase the service of system.

4. The principles of developing an information system :

o System for the management

o System is big investment

§ Investigation of all alternative ( minimizing missing cost opportunity)

§ Best investigation have to be valuable : analysis cost-benefit & analysis cost-effectiveness

o System need educated people

§ not education have to be formal

o Activity stepà System Development cycle life

o System development [do] not have to massage

o Don’t fear to cancel project

o System documentation

5. Three cycle live development of system are

a. Model of waterfall explanation :

Requirement
Design
Implementation
Verification
Maintenance

b. Model iteratif explanation :

Initial planning
Planning,
Requirement
Analysis and design
Implementation
Deployment
Testing
Evaluation

c. Model spiral explanation :

Determine objectives
Identify and resolve risk
Development and test
Plan the next iteration

6. Approaches of developing a system

There are several approach to developing a system, that is:

Classic approach vs. structured approach :

Classic approach is approach inside of developing a system that follow stages at system life cycle without supplied with tools and techniques.
Troubleshoots which can arise from this approach, such as:

a) Difficult development.
Classic approach less give tools and techniques insides develop system and finally software development process becoming not directional and difficult to be done by programmer.

b) Treatment cost or system maintenance will be more expensive.
The expensive treatment cost at classic approach caused system documentation that developed less complete and less structured.

c) Possibility of big error.
This approach doesn't prepare to manner systems analysis to do system testing, so that system errors possibility will be bigger.

d) System achievement less well guaranteed.
Because classic approach less involve system user in system development, so system user needs are less matching with the one which desirable and as finally system that applied less success.

e) Applying internal issue.
User will be startled and unaccustomed with new system suddenly introduced.

Structured approach equipped with tools and techniques that wanted in system development, so that the end result from system which developed be got system the structure will be defined well and clear. In this approach, consumer involve from early to determine requirement of system and using tools like data of flow diagram

o Piecemeal approach vs. system approach

Piecemeal approach is system approach development that emphasized at one particular activity or certain application. This approach don't heed overall target.

System approach pays information system as integration unitary to each activity or the application. This approach also emphasized in overall goal achievement from organization, not only in that information target.

o Approach of bottom-up vs. approach of up-down

Bottom-Up Approach is begin from level under organization, that is from formulation requirements to handle transaction and climb level on with formulate information need based on transaction. Bottom-up approach is used in systems analysis steps, because of the pressure is data that be cultivated before, information that be produced will follow the data. Up-Down Approach on the contrary with bottom-up approach, this approach is begin from level up organization, that is begun with define target and organization policy. Step furthermore from this approach information need analysis. After information is determined, so process goes to transaction processing, that is determination output, input, data base, operating procedure and control. This approach be feature from structured approach. Top-down approach when used in systems analysis stage called also with term decision analysis, because that be pressure information that wanted for decision making by management beforehand, then data necessary cultivated to defined to follow information that wanted.

o Total-system approach vs. modular approach

Total-system approach to be approach develops system together according to comprehensive. This approach less synchronized for complex system, because will be difficult be developed. This approach be feature classic approaches.
Modular Approach tries to divide complex system to simple some part, so that system easier will be understood and developed. Furthermore consequence system can be developed of time that planned, easy understood by system user and easy to maintain. This approach be feature structured approaches.

o great-loop approach vs. evolutionary approach

Great-loop approach applies change comprehensive according to together use sophisticated technology. This change contains many risks, because computer technology so great-loop. This approach also too expensive, because need investment at the same moment for all technology that used and difficult to developed because too complex. Evolutionary approach apply sophisticated technology just for applications that need that moment and then be developed for periods next based on technology development. This approach causes investment not too expensive and can follow fast technology development.

7. The meaning of methodology, method and algorithm :

o What is methodology?

Method those are utilized in scholarship

o What is method?

Someway systematic to work something

o What is algorithm?

Medley procedural to solves a problems

8. The classifications of development methodology

There are three classifications of developing a system, such as:

• Functional decomposition

Functional decomposition is emphasizing system resolving becomes subsystem. Examples of this classification are HIPO, Stepwise refinement, iterative stepwise refinement and information hiding.

• Data-oriented

Data-oriented is emphasizing on processed data characteristic.

• Flow oriented data: types appropriate modules data elements

• Structure oriented data: input structure and output

• Prescriptive

Usually been provided by software maker factory.

9. Tools for developing a system :

a) Get graph form: HIPO, SADT, Jackson’s diagrams, etc.

b) Tool that utilizes to design:

§ Activity charting: figuring activity, example: chart's substituting, flowchart, etc.

§ Layout charting: figuring layout

§ Personal relationship charting: figuring person relationship, example: organization chart, working distribution chart

10. Technique In System Development

Techniques that can be used in development system, that is:

- Project management technique, that is CPM (Critical Path Method) and pert (program evaluation and review technique). This technique is used for project scheduling.

- Fact finding techniques, that is technique that can be used to gather data and find facts in study existing system, that is:
* Interview
* Observation
* Questionnaire
* Sample collecting

- Cost-effectiveness analysis or cost benefit analysis

- Technique to run meeting

- Technique inspection/walkthrough.

The differences of being a system analyst and a programmer and the knowledge a system analyst should posses :

System analyst studying problems and determine system user requirements to identify resolving.

Programmer writing program code bases engineering that made by analyst

- System analyst on call bridges distinctive happening science among system user and Data processing technology, computer and mathematics

- Science carries on business in common

- Quantitative method: regression, programming linear, etc. it

- Trouble-shooting membership

- Communication membership among person

Membership builds relationship among person programmer

By :

Febri Saputra

DEFINITION OF SYSTEM

2009-02-21T10:35:00.000+08:00

DEFINITION
The system is a group of procedure which each other is interconnected/ correlate one another for becoming or reaching a target
Procedure is a correct sequences of steps instruction which explain what must be done, who is doing, when done, and how do it.

OTHER MEANING OF SYSTEM
System is a group of elements which have interaction to reach specific purpose.

- Reaching a goal
System
- Reaching a target (objective)

CHARACTERISTIC

Components
- Component which interacted for cooperation to form unity
- Supra system
Boundary of system
- Restrict system with other system / external environment of the system
External environmets of system
- Whatever beyond the boundary of system which influencing the operation of system
Interface
- The interface between one sub system with the other of sub system

Input
- Energy which entered into system, can in the form of treatment input and signal input.
Output
- The result from energy which have been processed and classified to become output, which have benefit from rest of dismissal.
Process
- To change input become output
Target (objective) / goal
- If the system do not have a target, therefor the operation system do not have benefit. The system have been told to succeed if have reached goal or target.

INFORMATION
The information is processed of data becoming more useful form which accepting this information

QUALITY OF INFORMATION
- Accurate
The information free from mistakes and do not have meaning which diffraction / misleading
- On time
The information which coming to receiver must be on time
- Relevant
The information must have benefit for everyone which using the information

By : Febri JAbrix/0608605002/Ilkom 06

Seri Melullu...uhhhhh....

2009-02-19T20:04:00.000+08:00

hr kmis ni klub ku main kmbali yg ketiga kali na, n
dalam pertandingan k 3 ni km berharap bnnyak
untuk menang....
tp entah knapa dewi fortuna blum memihak k tim ku hr itu jg..... sungguh ksal hatiku.
tp walaupun bgitu km tetap optimis supaya lain kali kmi dpt menang.
pd hari itu kmi berhadapan dngn sebuah tim yg semua anggota na orang "Madura" yg terkenal akan jampe2 na, jd saat brhadap dngn tim mreka hari itu, tim ku hampir mengalami kekalahan.
tp untung na km bs membalik keadaan agar seri dngan perjuangan keras.
saat melawan tim tsb kami seakan - akan kehilangan keahlian n teknik permainan km.
jd ak berpesan hati2 k pada TIM MADURA y.........

Valentine Day

2009-02-17T13:20:00.000+08:00

Hai smua na hr ni hri yg sngt
berarti bgi smua kalangan muda yg sedng jatuh cinta,
because....!!!!???
hr ni adlah hr kasih syang bgi mreka.
d mana d hri ini smua ank muda saling mencurahkn n menyatakan perasaan
mreka masing2 pada orang yg mreka kasihhi n syangi.

Happy Valentine Day Every One

hai hai

2009-02-17T12:41:00.000+08:00

hai semwa .
ini blogku yg baruu .
lucu kand ?
lucunya kya aku .
hhihihi .